• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Ambulatory device for monitoring circadian rhythms, sleep, environments and movement patterns. Registration device, ambulatory or domiciliary, comprising at least one activity sensor, an ambient humidity sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, at least two luxometers, one or two sound level meters, at least one event marker, at least one sensor of activity, a body humidity sensor, at least one temperature sensor, a skin conductance sensor and a heart rate sensor, all collected in a base station and a probe that allows to monitor and analyze the exposure to the main synchronizing signals (light, environmental temperature, social contacts) and other environmental factors. The device can also detect chronodisruptive environments and monitor subject rhythms ambulatory or while in bed, such as sleep-wake rhythm, movement, breathing rhythm, snoring, body temperature, or body position, and presence/absence of the subject in bed. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2608815A1
    申请号:ES201600627
    申请日:2016-07-25
    公开日:2017-04-17
    发明作者:Juan Antonio MADRID PEREZ；Manuel CAMPOS MARTINEZ；María De Los Angeles ROL DE LAMA；Fernando Ruiz Abellan；Antonio Blas MARTINEZ NICOLAS；Carlos Javier MADRID NAVARRO；Marina ROS ROMERO
    申请人:Universidad de Murcia；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION

    Outpatient device for monitoring circadian rhythms, sleep, environments and movement patterns.
     5
    Field of the Invention

    The present invention is included within the measurement, recording, monitoring, analysis, information transmission and diagnosis of altered states in relation to circadian rhythms and sleep together with the environmental conditions in which the life of the subject, with special attention to hospital environments and ergonomics of the workplace.

    This device takes on special relevance when the person is in bed, being able to monitor the activity, temperature and respiratory sound of the subject together with the environment 15 of the room and the microclimate of the bed without contact with the subject.

    Background of the invention

    The monitoring of physiological variables in general and medical in particular, is usually carried out, interfering with the daily life of the subject and without taking into account the time of day. However, the so-called vital signs are actually variable with a daily rhythm that are modified according to the time of day.

    Among the possible physiological variables to study, sleep and the variables related to it, monopolize a great interest in the medical, economic and welfare problems caused by its alterations.

    There are also systems for detecting environmental and physiological variables in relation to sleep, such as the utility model ES1077771U and the patent ES2054992 30 that involve connecting the subject with cables or using a mobile device that makes movement difficult during sleep. The same goes for polygraphs and polysomnographs, in which the number of sensors and cables can be very annoying. On the other hand, there are systems for the detection of portable or outpatient physiological variables, such as patents ES2364648 and ES2266760, which allow sleep to be monitored during the entire 35 days, and the device must carry the device, however, these devices do not record environmental variables.

    In addition there are special situations in which it is not convenient to directly monitor the subject as in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs), and 40 do not present solutions in this regard, since the sensorized mattresses only measure body temperature or pressure, such as The ES1134957U device, in order to detect the presence of the subject, and the US2005143617 sensorized bed makes it difficult to register more than one subject with the same device given the difficulty of its transfer. Four. Five
    Description of the invention

    In order to facilitate the registration and monitoring of altered states in relation to circadian rhythms and avoid the inconveniences mentioned in the previous sections, the invention represents an advance in the matter by proposing a portable apparatus 50 that allows to cover the gap between the different types of systems for
    monitor the subjects, without contact with them, which is capable of measuring both environmental variables and physiological variables of the subject itself.

    The invention relates to a home or ambulatory monitoring and recording system of physiological and medical variables composed of two differentiated elements: a base station and a probe.

    The base station is composed of a series of sensors that allow to typify the environment in which the subject is, and to evaluate the possible light and acoustic contamination, as well as if the temperature and humidity are outside the comfort ranges. Specifically, this station is made up of one or two ambient temperature sensors, an ambient humidity sensor, and an atmospheric pressure sensor (which allows recording the environmental conditions of the nearby environment), at least two luxometers for different wavelengths (blue , green, red, infrared and total spectrum) to monitor light intensity and light exposure schedule, one or two 15 sound level meters to measure the noise produced by the subject and / or ambient noise, at least one event marker (to indicate meal times, medication, work, etc., and request the device for its current status, such as the battery level) and optionally a GPS to determine the geographical position. It also incorporates an internal microprocessor for data processing, a battery, an internal memory 20 for the storage of pre-processed or raw data and the necessary elements for the wired and / or wireless transmission of them (either by NFC , Bluetooth, WIFI, LIFI, USB or microUSB port) to an external device, as well as a series of LEDs indicating the battery level, if the device is connected by USB, if there is an active mission or if an event has been marked. 25

    On the other hand, the probe, which allows to measure different physiological variables of the subject, is formed by a triaxial actimeter or activity sensor, to evaluate both the intensity of the activity and the duration and frequency of the movements and the resting time, a sensor of humidity, a temperature sensor, a skin conductance sensor, 30 and a heart rate sensor. It also incorporates the necessary elements for the transmission of data by cable connection, and / or wireless connection (NFC, Bluetooth, WIFI, LIFI) either to the base station or to an external device.

    The combined processing of the signals recorded by the sensors of both the base station and the probe, or of both elements, allows obtaining a set of variables related to the sleep-wake rhythm such as bed time, sleep latency , start and end of sleep, night awakenings, in addition to the time they occur. It also allows you to calculate the depth of sleep, detect periodic movements of legs, myoclonus, snoring and apnea, as well as the presence or not of the subject in bed. All this accompanied by the simultaneous information of the environmental conditions, especially those related to the type of lighting and the intensity to which the subject is exposed.

    The heart rate and activity sensors allow to monitor the activity of the subject and its intensity, which together with the presence of a GPS that allows to determine the place where the individual is, allows to know and compare with the local atmospheric data.

    The processed information can be displayed on a computer or mobile phone or by other 50 means, and informs and could advise the subject about the possible corrections to be introduced
    in the environment to improve your sleep hygiene and the synchronization of your circadian system, but it can also provide information that facilitates the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea and other sleep disturbances, as well as altered movement patterns, the speed of the march or to modify postural habits. 5

    This device is preferably used in the environment where the subject sleeps using the probe to record the subject's own variables (heart rate, activity, body position, skin conductance, temperature and humidity) and the base station for environmental variables, ( temperature and humidity, atmospheric pressure 10, light intensity, and type of light: total spectrum, blue, green, red and infrared, ambient noise produced by the subject, location and marking of events), and can also be used on an outpatient basis the probe attached to the subject (arm, leg, chest, abdomen or neck, for example) and the station attached to the belt or cover in a backpack or purse. fifteen

    Brief description of the figures

    FIG 1.- Schematic representation of the device prototype. The base station is shown in the left part of the figure, while the probe is shown in the right part 20 of the figure. The prototype scheme shows the approximate position of the sensors that make up the station and the probe in part A. In part B, the arrangement of both units is shown in the case of wireless operation, while in part C they are shown both units connected by cable and the USB charger that will power your battery and allow its connection to a computer or other electronic device.

    FIG 2.- Schematic representation of the possible components of the device, formed by two independent modules, or not, that sensorize the subject (Probe) and its environment (Station). 30

    FIG 3.- Block diagram. The device has a microcontroller with clock, timer and calendar clock, which through a digital interface (GPIO) interacts with the rest of the elements shown in the figure.
     35
    FIG 4.- Device firmware. Once the device has been disconnected from the computer that manages it, it goes into SLEEP mode, unless an activity has been programmed, the user requests the status or connects again to the computer to charge it or to program it.
     40
    FIG 5.- Example of the use of the fixed station and probe in the bed. The sensors are located according to 1. The data obtained and processed from the main sensors are available for viewing when the device is connected to a computer. In this case the values of temperature (2), light (3), activity measured as acceleration (4), movement time (5) and position (6) recorded during a full night of a subject are represented. The white area represents the waking period and the shaded area represents the sleeping period. Arrows (7) indicate awakenings.

    FIG 6.- Example of the use of the station and probe for the detection of respiratory sound. 1: Sensor temperature in bed; 2: Visible light level (lux); 3: 50 Position X axis of the sensor in the bed; 4: Average sound intensity in 30 s; 5: Level
    10Hz sound intensity; By means of the fixed position in the bed, it is recorded in sound intensity level at 10 Hz (5), the intensity of the sound produced by the subject can be amplified, as shown in 6, to allow recording the respiratory rate and intensity of a benign snoring
     5
    FIG 7.- Example of the use of the fixed station in the bed and of the probe placed on the diaphragm of the subject. The combination of respiratory movements with snoring, allows to accurately detect the episodes of obstructive sleep apnea. 1: Normal breathing; 2: Snoring; 3: Apnea; 4: Snoring: 5: Apnea; 6: Snoring. The upper line (7) indicates the sound level, the lower line (8) the subject's movement. 10

    FIG 8.- Example of using the station and probe on an outpatient basis to detect tremor in the extremities. The station can be attached to the belt or in a bag or backpack, while the probe, connected wirelessly and placed on the back of the hand allows the detection of tremor at rest and the alteration of the regulation of temperature (dysautonomy) of a patient with Parkinson's disease. The upper line (1) indicates the acceleration of the X axis over time; The bottom line (2) indicates the Y axis acceleration over time.

    FIG 9.- Example of the use of the ambulatory station and probe for the detection of 20 postural habits. The placement of the probe in the back aligned with the spine allows the detection of the subject's position while performing a sedentary activity such as working before a computer. The recording of the light intensity, ambient temperature and noise level, allows to simultaneously assess the working conditions of the subject. 25

    FIG 10.- Example of use of the ambulatory station and probe for the detection of speed of the march. To do this, just place the probe attached to a limb or trunk to determine the steps taken by the subject in a given time. The arrows (1) indicate each step, in this case three. 30

    Reference List

    1. Event markers.
     35
    2. Signal receiver.

    3. GPS.

    4. Luxometers. 40

    5. Thermometer and hygrometer.

    6. Barometer.
     Four. Five
    7. Sound level meter.

    8. Connectors.

    9. Heart rate sensor. fifty

    10. Sound level meter.

    11. Actimeter.

    12. Thermometer and hygrometer. 5

    13. Signal emitter.

    14. Connector.
     10
    15. Conductance of the skin.

    16. USB cable connecting computer and charging.

    17. Interconnection cable. fifteen

    Example of embodiment of the invention

    As already indicated, and as can be seen in Figure 1, the portable environment and people monitoring device has been preferably designed to monitor the subject without contact, which makes the device especially suitable for environments inpatients with bedridden patients or to monitor sleep at home. In addition, it is formed by two independent but intercommunicated parts, probe and station, as can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, wired and / or wireless. The probe consists of sensors for at least 25 temperature, humidity, sound, heart rate, skin conductance and activity together with a series of optional sensors such as particle or distance pressure sensors. On the other hand, the station consists of at least 2 luxometers, but preferably 5, to detect different spectra (red, green, blue, infrared and total spectrum), and a temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, GPS, sound, 30 sensor. 3 event markers and another series of optional sensors to measure, for example, wind speed, ultraviolet light or other variables (Figures 1 and 2).

    The device is structured around a microcontroller (Figure 3), preferably located at the station, and which has a clock, a calendar clock and a timer, which manages the power and charge of the battery through an interface. This battery feeds the signal processing and voltage reference circuit, which is part of the signal processing circuit, to both the analog and digital sensors. The sensors are connected to the microcontroller through a serial interface and an A / D (analog / digital converter) that in turn communicate with the microcontroller through the interface. The acquired data is preferably stored in the internal memory of the station. Finally, through the digital interface (GPIO), the status of the pushbuttons and event markers is checked, as well as the sending of control signals of the status of the indicator LEDs (on already paid) as shown in Figure 3. 4. 5

    Once the device has been disconnected from the computer that manages it, it goes into SLEEP mode. Unless an activity is scheduled, the user requests the status or reconnects to the computer to load it or to program it. The programmed functions are the collection of information from the sensors at a frequency between 8 and 32 Hz, the post-processing of said information at intervals
    Selectable and battery check every 10 minutes. In addition, an event (long press) can be marked with the pushbuttons, which would be included as additional information to the collection by the sensors, while a short press requests the status of the device and the battery charge.
     5
    The device only starts up, and ceases to be in SLEEP mode in one of the following cases as indicated in Figure 4:

    1. Reading data from the sensors: this procedure is only performed when the device has active registration with a programmed cadence 10 (timer 1).

    2. Information processing and storage: this procedure is performed at a frequency determined by timer 2 when the device has active registration. fifteen

    3. Battery check: this procedure is performed according to the programming of timer 3 regardless of the registration status.

    4. Activation of a button by the user: the device activates and informs about the battery status, whether it has an active registration or not, or introduces an event in case it has an active registration (depending on the button or the pulse duration).

    5. Connection via cable: the device is activated to start charging the battery. 25

    6. Programming: either by wireless connection or by cable, the device is activated to allow the download of information or to establish a new configuration.
     30
    Preferred modes of use include placing the probe on the mattress and the station on the headboard of the bed in order to detect sleep and its characteristics, without contacting the subject at any time. The downloaded information, allows to detect the periods of sleep of the subject and the associated awakenings, determined by the movement of the subject in the bed and / or marking of the event button, as well as the presence / absence of the subject in the bed (with values of temperature that stabilize at 35 ° C when the individual is in bed), changes in position or turns in the bed and the environmental constancy of the environment close to the subject's bed, as shown in Figure 5. It also allows to detect noise associated with snoring The information can be obtained with a high resolution, allowing to detect the sound specifically associated with the subject's breaths, as illustrated in Figure 6.

    In case you want to make an evaluation of a possible obstructive sleep apnea. The probe is placed on the diaphragm, while the station remains in the headboard of the bed as illustrated in Figure 7. In this case, the combined information of the respiratory sound together with the movement of the diaphragm allows the apnea episodes to be detected. , its duration and its frequency during the night.

    As indicated above, due to its characteristics, the device can be used using only the station, placing it in a fixed place, to monitor work, rest or hospital environments, or connected with the
    probe to record the characteristics of sleep and its possible pathologies. Additionally, thanks to its small size, the station can also be transported attached to the belt or hung in a bag, and receive information from the probe placed in different parts of the body for the monitoring of physiological variables, such as temperature and skin conductance, motor activity, body position, etc. 5

    Other modes of action in which the station is carried by the subject include the use of the station and the probe to detect on an outpatient basis the motor alterations of a patient with Parkinson's disease, as shown by way of example in Figure 8. In this case, the placement of the probe in the patient's hand 10 allows not only to detect the tremor at rest of the person, using the acceleration of two of the axes of the accelerometer programmed in high resolution, but also using the channel of Skin temperature and electrical conductance are essential information to detect the existence of vascular alterations (dysautonomies) due to the progression of your disease and / or the effectiveness of the possible treatment established 15. For this same functionality, the probe could also be placed in the arms, back or legs.

    The device also presents a mode of use to record the ergonomic conditions of a workplace, where we can not only monitor the level of light, temperature, noise and ambient humidity, but also the position of the subject in his workplace, detecting Posture errors through the recording of the position of the spine, as illustrated in Figure 9.

    Another of the possible ways of using the device involves monitoring the speed of gait and the level of physical activity of the subject, in this case, the probe is placed in one of the extremities or at the waist, while the probe is It is hung from the belt as shown in Figure 10.

    The set of possible configurations, sensors used and preferred modes of use are summarized in the following table:


    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]

    1. Device for home and ambulatory monitoring and recording of circadian rhythms, sleep, environments and movement patterns, comprising a base station and a probe, characterized in that the base station is formed by: 5
    - one or two ambient temperature sensors,
    - an ambient humidity sensor,
     10
    - an atmospheric pressure sensor,
    - at least two lux meters for different wavelengths (blue, green, red, infrared and total spectrum),
     fifteen
    - one or two sensors for noise monitoring, both environmental and produced by the subject.
    - at least one event marker,
     twenty
    and because the probe is composed of:
    - at least one activity sensor,
    - a humidity sensor, 25
    - at least one temperature sensor,
    - a skin conductance sensor,
     30
    - a heart rate sensor.

    [2]
    2. Device for home and ambulatory monitoring and recording of circadian rhythms, sleep, environments and movement patterns according to claim 1, characterized in that the base station comprises a GPS to determine the geographical position of the subject.

    [3]
    3. Device for home and ambulatory monitoring and recording of circadian rhythms, sleep, environments and movement patterns according to previous claims, characterized in that the base station and the probe are interconnected with each other in a wired or wireless manner.

    [4]
    4. Procedure for monitoring circadian rhythms, sleep-wakefulness, environments and movement patterns according to the device of claims 1, 2 and 3, which operates as follows:
    a) The base station is placed in a fixed place in the work, rest or hospital space that is intended to be monitored without direct contact with the subject, while the probe is placed in the proximity of the subject whose activity is to be measured, but without contact Direct with it. fifty
    b) The sensors of activity, heart rate, temperature, ambient humidity, skin conductance and noise produced by the subject, together with the event markers, monitor the physiological variables of the subject, while the sensors of light intensity, atmospheric pressure , ambient noise, temperature and humidity, together with GPS, typify the environment in which the subject is located, and 5 evaluate the possible light and acoustic contamination, as well as if the temperature and humidity are outside the comfort ranges.
    c) The values of all these variables are stored in the internal memory of the station or transmitted to an external device, either by Wi-Fi, Bluetooth or other form of wired or wireless connection. These variables may or may not be preprocessed by the internal microprocessor before transmission.
    d) The state of circadian rhythms, sleep, environments and movement patterns is evaluated from the changes in the values resulting from the previous stages 15.

    [5]
    5. Method according to claim 4 characterized in that the probe is placed in direct contact with the subject.
     twenty
    [6]
    Method according to claim 4 characterized in that the base station can be transported by the subject in a portable manner.

    [7]
    7. Method according to claims 4, 5 and 6 in which the probe is placed on the diaphragm of the subject, in order to detect episodes of obstructive sleep apnea, its duration and frequency during the night, by recording the noise variables environmental or produced by the subject, as well as the temperature and conductance of the skin, heart rate and movements (activity) and body position of the subject.

    [8]
    8. Method according to claims 4, 5 and 6 in which the probe is placed in the hands, arms, back or legs of the subject, to detect altered movement patterns, such as those caused by Parkinson's or Hungtinton's disease, as well as the postural habits of the subject and the speed of gait, by recording the variables of temperature and conductance of the skin, heart rate and movements (activity) and body position of the subject. 35

    [9]
    9. Method according to claims 4, 5 and 6 in which the base station and the probe are placed in a fixed place in the space to be monitored, without direct contact with the subject, to evaluate the ergonomic conditions of the workstation by means of the registration of the variables of temperature, light, ambient noise, ambient humidity and body position.

    [10]
    10. Use of the device according to claims 1-9 for mattress sensing.

    [11]
    11. Use of the device according to claims 1-9 for evaluation of light pollution.
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    引用文献:
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    US20050085738A1|2003-09-18|2005-04-21|Stahmann Jeffrey E.|Sleep logbook|
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    US20150164238A1|2013-12-16|2015-06-18|Blue Ocean Laboratories, Inc.|Mattress health monitoring|
    US20150320588A1|2014-05-09|2015-11-12|Sleepnea Llc|WhipFlash [TM]: Wearable Environmental Control System for Predicting and Cooling Hot Flashes|
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